FROM APOLLO 11 TO ARTEMIS !! HERE YOU NEED TO KNOW - CURIOSITY STREAMER

    Its been 51 years since first man landed on the moon surface. Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin formed the American crew that landed the Apollo Lunar Module Eagle on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC. Armstrong became the first person to step onto the lunar surface six hours and 39 minutes later on July 21 at 02:56 UTC.
                                           

When Armstrong stepped onto the lunar surface, he famously said: "That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind". Now NASA has turned its attention again on moon landing with The Artemis mission. 

The Artemis program is an ongoing crewed spaceflight program carried out predominantly by NASA, U.S. commercial spaceflight companies, and international partners such as the European Space Agency (ESA), the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and the Australian Space Agency (ASA) with the goal of landing "the first woman and the next man" on the Moon, specifically at the lunar south pole region by 2024. The estimated cost of this program is about $35 billion USD.

Launch vehicle
                         

an overview of SLS source : NASA

space launch system : SLS
The Space Launch System (SLS) is a US super heavy-lift expendable launch vehicle. The initial block of SLS block 1 is capable to lift the payload of about 95 metric tons to low earth  orbit(LEO) and it will launch Artemis 1 2 and 3. And later Artemis block 1B is intended to debut exploration upper stage and it will launch Artemis 4 to 7 . And block 2 of SLS is planned of replace old booster of space shuttle and it has payload of more than 150 metric tons , it will enable the crew members launch to mars. as of now block 1 of SLS is used to launch the orion spacecraft and it will use the launch facilities at  NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. 

In addition to SLS,  NASA also has supporting launch vehicles like Falcon heavy and Delta 4 heavy, but NASA is intended to use SLS to launch  crewed orion spacecraft.

Spacecraft
                          

orion spacecraft Source :NASA

Orion mpcv (multi purpose crew vehicle) is partially reusable 
space capsule. NASA intended to use this  in Artemis mission.
it consist of crew module capable of holding upto 6 persons beyond low earth orbit, Orion can last 21 days undocked and up to six months docked. It is equipped with solar power, an automated docking system, and glass cockpit interfaces modeled. A single AJ10 engine provides the spacecraft's primary propulsion, while eight R-4D-11 engines, and six pods of custom reaction control system engines, provide the spacecraft's secondary propulsion. Although compatible with other launch vehicles, Orion is primarily designed to launch atop a Space Launch System (SLS) rocket, with a tower launch escape system (LES).

Lunar Gateway
                                                

Lunar Gateway Souce: NASA

The Lunar Gateway is an in-development mini-space 
station in lunar orbit intended to serve as a solar-powered communication hub, science laboratory, short-term habitation module, and holding area for rovers and other robots. It is expected to play a major role in NASA's Artemis program, after 2024.

The project is led by NASA, the Gateway is meant to be developed, serviced, and utilized in collaboration with commercial and international partners. It will serve as the staging point for both robotic and crewed exploration of the lunar south pole, and is the proposed staging point for NASA's Deep Space Transport concept for transport to Mars.^[

The science disciplines to be studied on the Gateway are expected to include planetary science, astrophysics, Earth observations, heliophysics, fundamental space biology, and human health and performance.

Gateway development includes all of the International Space Station partners: ESA, NASA, Roscosmos, JAXA, and CSA.The International Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG), which is composed of more than 14 space agencies including all major ones, has concluded that Gateway will be critical in expanding a human presence to the Moon, Mars, and deeper into the Solar System. The estimated cost of this project is US$332 million.

Human Landing system

                         

proposed HLS  of blue origin 

On April 30, 2020, in a teleconference, NASA announced three companies (Blue Origin, Dynetics, and SpaceX) had been selected to design human landing systems.

National Human Landing System

The National Human Landing System (NHLS) is a lunar lander currently under development by the "national team" which is led by Blue Origin. 

SpaceX Starship Human Landing System

The SpaceX Starship is planned to be a fully reusable launch vehicle. The vehicle is under development by SpaceX, as a self-funded private spaceflight project. this is more likely to be a delicate landing system.

Dynetics Human Landing System

The Dynetics Human Landing System (DHLS) is currently under development by Dynetics and Sierra Nevada Corporation as well as a multitude of subcontractors. it has small crew cabin and large solar pannel.

 Map of artemis program source : NASA